Civil and Environmental Engineering

ASCE uses the author-date method of in-text citations where the citation contains the last names of the authors and then the year; a comma is not placed between them. Do not use endnotes or footnotes; instead place in-text citations directly in your paper.

Examples for one author:

• …yielded varying results (Klor 2022).
• “…contamination levels continue to rise” (EPA 2021).

Examples for two authors:

• …increased water levels. (Smith and Jones 2019).
• “…lead to decreased concentrations” (Marks and Smith 2020).

Examples for three or more authors:

• One recent report (Smith et al. 2012) found evidence that…
• “…by limit equilibrium analysis” (Schwarz et al. 2015).

If you are citing multiple sources, list them in alphabetical order by author’s last name and use a semi colon to separate them.

• Many of these studies focus on risk assessment (Klor 2022; Schwarz et al. 2015).
• Recent reports (Carson 2006; EPA 2021; Marks and Smith 2020)….

If an author is mentioned directly in a sentence, indicate the year of publication in parenthesis following the author’s name.

• Carson (2006) finds evidence that…
• A recent report by ASCE (2022) shows…
• Smith and Jones (2019) clearly indicate that…